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INTERESTING OBSERVATIONS
India's rural market is characterised by its vast spread - over 600,000 villages with a total population exceeding 620 million.
145,098 villages or 23% of total villages have population less than 200. Another 21% have population between 200 and 500.
A total of 13,113 villages have population over 5,000. Of these 9,988 villages or 76% are in seven states - Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Kerala is characterised by large villages; 1,259 out of the total of 1,384 have population over 5,000. While the average population in Kerala is 15,475 per village, for rest of the country the figure is 954.
Overall literacy rate (7 years and above) in rural India is 45%: literacy among men is 58% and among women is 31%.
There are a total of 3,697,527 shops (retail outlets) in the rural sector, leading to an average of 5.85 shops per village. Number of shops per village is lowest, around 1.5 - in Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh and Meghalaya. On the other extreme, Kerala has the largest number of shops - 192 per village. In Punjab, West Bengal, Goa, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry there are 7 or more shops per village.
Haats operate once a week or more often in a total of 41,888 villages. 45% of the villages with haats are in the east, 27% in north, 20% in west and 8% in south. At the national level, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar have the maximum number of haats, i.e., 25% and 18% respectively. In Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Maharashtra, villages holding haats form 10% of total villages in the respective states. The data indicates that with establishment of (permanent) shops, haats are moving out.
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At an all India level 209,360 villages or 33% of total villages are connected by pucca roads. This proportion is maximum at 57% in south zone and minimum at 20% in east zone. Almost all villages in Punjab, Kerala and Pondicherry are connected by pucca roads.
There are only 7,271 villages with railway stations. This forms 1.2% of total villages. Kerala is the best state in this regard with 8% of villages having a railway station.
Five percent of the total villages have a bank within the village. As on 31st March 1995, the bank deposits and advances in the rural banks were Rs. 481.19 billion and Rs. 242.78 billion, respectively. This works out to - per capita deposits and advances figures of Rs.773 and Rs.390, respectively.
In Rural India, there are a total of 79,448 doctors. This implies that there are 12.76 doctors per hundered thousand of rural population.
The distribution of number of doctors over the zones is seen to be 30% each in north, east and west and only 10% in south.
There are a total of 15,039 hospitals in Rural India. This works out to 2.4 hospitals per 100 villages.
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